These dietary recommendations from rheumatologists do not replace medications but may influence the course of rheumatic diseases.
Rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, ankylosing spondylitis — these are just a small part of the extensive list of rheumatic diseases, where connective tissue suffers due to immune system disorders.
In addition to medication, an important aspect for patients with rheumatic diseases is proper nutrition.
“Diet can modulate the immune and inflammatory response, as well as alter the risk of cardiovascular diseases,” specialists assert.
In this regard, the French Society of Rheumatologists has developed basic nutritional principles for patients with rheumatic diseases.
1. Lose Weight
This will help control the activity of the rheumatic disease.
“Studies have shown that patients who lost more than 5% of their body weight are four times more likely to achieve minimal disease activity,” rheumatologists note.
Moreover, weight loss positively affects the cardiovascular system, which is particularly at risk in patients with rheumatic diseases.
2. Do Not Avoid Gluten
Consuming gluten-containing foods helps reduce the incidence of cardiovascular diseases and diabetes.
3. Avoid Fasting and Refusing Meat
There is no evidence that fasting or a vegetarian diet alleviates joint symptoms.
4. Do Not Exclude Dairy Products
In rheumatic diseases, the risk of osteoporosis increases. Dairy products are a primary source of calcium, which affects bone mineral density.
Doctors recommend preferring fermented dairy products, which are easier to digest. One study showed that regular consumption of fermented dairy products reduces the risk of hip fractures by 13%.
5. Include Omega-3
2-3 grams of fish oil per day help alleviate the symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis and other rheumatic diseases.
6. Follow a Mediterranean Diet
It helps reduce joint symptoms and significantly lowers the risk of cardiovascular diseases. One study involving 7,447 patients showed that a Mediterranean diet with added olive oil reduces the incidence of cardiovascular events by 30%.
7. Do Not Rely on Vitamins
“There is no point in prescribing vitamins (B9, D, E, K) or trace elements (selenium and zinc) for rheumatic diseases. However, adequate levels of vitamin D remain important for preventing or treating the risk of fractures in its deficiency,” emphasize French rheumatologists.
8. Do Not Expect Effects from Probiotics
Doctors do not recommend using probiotics to control the activity of rheumatic diseases. Currently, there is no confirmed data on their effectiveness.
9. Consume Spices
Some supplements (saffron, cinnamon, garlic, ginger, sesame, pomegranate concentrate) with anti-inflammatory properties may help reduce the activity of rheumatoid arthritis.
Rheumatologists emphasize: diet will not replace medication but can complement therapy. If a patient has other dietary recommendations regarding comorbidities, they should adhere to them.
