Russia has likely received technologies from Iran.
Russian forces have likely begun using a new variant of the long-range strike drone Geran-5, developed based on Iranian designs. This was reported by the Main Intelligence Directorate of Ukraine, citing data obtained during the analysis of recent combined air strikes.
According to the GUR, in January, the Russian army used the Geran-5 during attacks on Ukrainian territory. The new drone is capable of carrying a warhead weighing about 90 kg, has a claimed flight range of up to 1000 km, and is similar in design to other drones in the Geran family.
Ukrainian intelligence notes that Russia has likely deployed its own production line for the Geran-5, taking advantage of technology transfers from Iran. Previously, Geran drones were produced in the Alabuga special economic zone, but the exact location of the new version's production has not yet been established.
Analysts pay particular attention to the presumed purpose of the Geran-5. Unlike previous modifications, which were primarily aimed at hitting ground targets, the new drone can also be used against aerial objects. According to the GUR, the Russian side is developing methods to launch the Geran-5 from aircraft, including Su-25 attack aircraft, and is considering equipping the drone with R-73 air-to-air missiles.
The R-73 (NATO and U.S. classification: AA-11 Archer) is a Soviet/Russian guided air-to-air missile with a short range and an infrared homing system.
It was created specifically for high-maneuverability close air combat, which, following military conflicts in Korea, Vietnam, and the Middle East, has taken a significant place in air battles, as approximately two-thirds of all aircraft shot down in combat were hit by air-to-air missiles, which in turn influenced the tactics of air forces. The development took into account requirements such as all-aspect capability, super maneuverability, and the implementation of the "fire-and-forget" principle. Additionally, it was necessary for the weapon not to impose significant restrictions on the maneuverability of the carrier during use, meaning that the missile could be launched while the aircraft was undergoing intense maneuvering with high overloads.
Intelligence emphasizes that the Geran-5 is based on the Iranian Karrar drone, which is used as an unmanned interceptor, can be launched from fighters, and is part of Iran's air defense system. This indicates Moscow's desire to expand the functionality of Shahed/Geran-type drones and employ them against enemy aircraft and drones, enhancing its own strike and defensive capabilities in the air.
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