Sugar is known for its harmful effects on teeth. This feature was noted by Aristotle when he observed the plaque left by sweet figs. However, sugar itself is not the cause of cavities. It is important to consider a whole range of processes that it triggers.
Sweets surround us everywhere! Sometimes we don’t even realize how much we consume and how it affects the condition of our teeth.
There are many different bacteria in the oral cavity. Some of them contribute to dental health, while others cause harm. Research shows that certain bacteria increase the acidity level in the mouth every time we enjoy something sweet. The two main bacteria that “feed” on sugar are *Streptococcus mutans* and *Streptococcus sobrinus*.
As a result, increased acidity destroys the minerals in tooth enamel, which serves as a protective layer for the teeth. This process is called demineralization. The good news is that our body can counteract this with saliva. Elements found in saliva, such as calcium and phosphorus, help the enamel restore the mineral balance lost during an “acid attack” (toothpastes also contribute to this process).
However, if you consume sweets too often, saliva cannot cope with the load. Over time, demineralization weakens and destroys the enamel, creating holes in the teeth. If left untreated, a small cavity can grow and reach deeper layers. This will not only be painful for you but also nearly fatal for the tooth itself.
Doctors and scientists recommend limiting sugar intake, especially sugary drinks. A recent study involving over 20,000 adults showed that even rare consumption of sugary drinks increases the risk of losing 1–5 teeth by 44% compared to those who do not drink sugary beverages.
If you notice a small spot on your tooth, if it has become uncomfortable to chew, or if you have increased tooth sensitivity, be sure to see a doctor.
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