The chemical substances found in the bodies of residents of Latvia mainly reflect everyday lifestyle and are not different from those observed in other European countries, according to a human biomonitoring study conducted by the Stradinš University of Riga (RUS).
The study did not reveal an acute threat to health; however, further monitoring is required for several groups of substances.
As part of a pilot project, more than 300 chemical substances were tested, of which 30 were identified as priorities for further analysis. These include pesticides, persistent PFAS substances, heavy metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, as well as substances found in plastics (such as phthalates and bisphenols) and other compounds.
The research data show that acrylamide was detected in all participants, and its presence is mainly associated with smoking and the consumption of overcooked food. Phthalates are also widely found in people's bodies, and in some cases, higher concentrations of PFAS and heavy metals, including mercury and lead, were identified, which requires further monitoring.
Researchers note that the intake of chemical substances into the body can be reduced by paying attention to everyday habits: for example, thoroughly washing fruits and vegetables, avoiding reheating food in plastic containers, and reducing the consumption of burnt food.
The data obtained will serve as the basis for further development of the biomonitoring system in Latvia, in order to more accurately assess the impact of the environment on public health in the long term, the university notes. Biomonitoring allows for the determination of which chemical substances people are actually exposed to in everyday life and helps identify major sources of pollution and develop measures to reduce risks.
The study was implemented as part of the state program "Creating the Latvian Human Biomonitoring Program - HBM4LV" with the aim of establishing a sustainable and scientifically justified system in Latvia. The project was carried out from 2023 to 2025 with funds from the state budget.
The study involved 404 residents aged 18 to 75 who provided biological samples for analysis. For some participants, the concentrations of 30 priority substances in blood and urine have already been determined, providing preliminary insight into the presence of chemical substances in the bodies of residents of Latvia.
The remaining results from approximately 300 participants are expected by the end of 2027, and the remaining samples are stored in a biobank for possible future research if funding becomes available.
The study was conducted by the RUS Institute for Occupational Safety and Environmental Hygiene on behalf of the Ministry of Health.
