Prolonged absence of ejaculation is associated with DNA damage in sperm.
Prolonged absence of ejaculation may worsen sperm quality. This conclusion was reached by scientists who analyzed data from more than 170 studies involving humans and animals. Researchers examined how the time between sperm production and its use affects the condition and reproductive functions. The work was published in the journal Proceedings of the Royal Society B (PRS B).
The analysis showed that in men, longer abstinence is associated with increased oxidative stress and DNA damage in sperm, as well as reduced motility and viability. The overall effect was moderate but statistically significant. In animals, the deterioration was more pronounced: the likelihood of fertilization decreased and the quality of embryos worsened.
Scientists explain this by stating that sperm are extremely vulnerable cells. They are almost incapable of repairing damage and over time accumulate defects due to active metabolism and exposure to free radicals. As a result, their "functional age" increases, even if the organism itself remains young.
The authors note that the results may be important for reproductive medicine, including in vitro fertilization (IVF). In their opinion, the optimal period of abstinence should consider the balance between the quantity and quality of sperm.
