An Unexpected Factor in Accelerated Brain Aging Revealed 0 127

Fat deposits in internal organs may accelerate brain aging and impair cognitive functions even in individuals without external signs of obesity. This conclusion was reached by researchers who analyzed MRI data from nearly 26,000 participants in the UK Biobank. The results of the study were published in Radiology.

The scientists showed that the crucial factor is not body mass itself, but rather where fat accumulates. Using MRI, they identified several profiles of fat distribution. The two most unfavorable profiles were: a profile dominated by fat in the pancreas and the so-called 'lean but with excess fat' profile, in which the body mass index remains within the normal range, but the fat burden on internal organs is high.

Compared to the 'slim' profile, both variants were associated with a reduction in gray matter volume, damage to white matter, and signs of accelerated brain aging. These changes were accompanied by decreased cognitive performance — including memory and reaction speed — as well as an increased risk of neurological diseases. The most pronounced effects were observed in men.

The authors emphasize that the findings change the understanding of the risks associated with obesity. Even at a normal weight, hidden fat deposits can negatively affect brain health. This means that assessing neurodegenerative risks requires considering not only BMI but also fat distribution in the body.