The rose has long been a symbol of love, beauty, and grandeur. However, these plants have one feature that can deter those wishing to touch them — thorns. What is the reason for this protective mechanism in nature?
Thorns are modified branches or small layers of the stem that harden over time and become sharp. They are not poisonous; however, touching them can be quite painful.
Protection from Animals
First and foremost, thorns serve the rose by protecting its delicate petals and leaves from herbivorous animals. When a pest tries to feast on the plant, its mouth gets injured by the sharp thorns. At the same time, the rose bush continues to grow, producing flowers and seeds that can later become the basis for new bushes.
Assistance for Growth
The thorns on the stem also serve another, less known function. As the bush grows, these sharp protrusions cling to neighboring plants and trees. This promotes not only horizontal but also vertical growth — the closer the plant is to the sun, the more heat it receives, which in turn enhances its development. Thus, rose bushes gain an advantage in the struggle for resources with neighboring flowers and trees.
Are There Thornless Roses?
Yes, such varieties do exist! They have been bred by humans. In the wild, thorns are essential for the survival of the bush, while for cultivated roses, they are not always necessary. Through careful selection and breeding, gardeners have been able to create several varieties of roses with smooth stems, which significantly simplifies their care.
Here are some varieties of thornless roses:
Mister Lincoln — a variety of hybrid tea rose of red-maroon color.
Queen Elizabeth — a variety of hybrid tea rose of rich pink color.
Apricot Nectar — a variety of floribunda rose of orange color.
Pascali — a variety of ground cover rose of light pink color.
Double Delight — a variety of hybrid tea rose of creamy-white color with a raspberry edge.
