A warm home in winter seems like the perfect refuge from the cold, but for millions of people, it can become a source of unpleasant allergic reactions. Allergy and immunology specialists note: cold weather does not eliminate allergens; it only changes their composition and intensifies their impact on the body.
Indoor Allergens Active in Winter
Dust Mites. These microscopic organisms live in bedding, upholstered furniture, and carpets. In winter, with heating constantly running and windows closed, their concentration increases, and their waste products become potent allergens.
Pet Dander and Fur (hair, dander). Pets become sources of allergens not only through their fur but also through tiny particles of skin and saliva that remain in the air and on textiles.
Mold and Fungal Spores. Damp corners of kitchens, bathrooms, and basements are ideal places for mold growth. Spores easily become airborne and cause allergic reactions when inhaled.
Dust Accumulation from Heating Systems. Activated warm radiators and central heating systems can stir up dust and fine particles into the air, exacerbating allergy symptoms.
Reduced Ventilation. To retain heat, windows are opened less frequently in winter, limiting the influx of fresh air and trapping allergens indoors.
Typical Symptoms of Winter Allergies
Symptoms of indoor allergens resemble those of a common cold but can last much longer:
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frequent sneezing and itching in the nose;
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nasal congestion or runny nose;
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redness and itching of the eyes;
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cough and throat irritation.
What Can Be Done
To reduce exposure to allergens even at the housing stage:
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regularly ventilate rooms even in winter, combining warmth with fresh air;
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maintain indoor humidity levels between 30–50% to reduce mite activity and mold formation;
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wash bedding and pillow covers more frequently at high temperatures;
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use a vacuum cleaner with a HEPA filter and remove dust from carpets and upholstered furniture;
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if allergic to pets, limit the pet's access to the bedroom or living room.
Even in the cold season, allergens can actively affect health, worsening symptoms of nasal congestion, itching, and eye irritation. Awareness of the most common "enemies" inside the home can help reduce their impact and improve well-being.
