What do mood, appetite, sleep, and weight have in common? Hormones! They regulate almost all processes in our body, and any disruption in their balance leads to serious consequences. How can you tell if a malfunction has occurred?
Hormones are biologically active substances that control many processes in the body: metabolism, appetite, sleep, reproductive functions, and more. That is why it is important to monitor the hormonal background and the condition of the endocrine system — the organs that produce them. An endocrinologist can help with this. Endocrinologist Elena Turovskaya explained which symptoms should prompt a visit to the doctor, as well as which diseases the specialist treats.
The Science of Hormones
Endocrinology is the science dedicated to the study of specific glands of internal secretion and the hormones they produce. The main focus is on studying the thyroid, pancreas, and sex glands in both men and women, as well as the adrenal glands and pituitary gland.
These organs form a complex and coordinated system. Through hormones, it regulates metabolism, growth, and human reproductive functions, and this is far from all. An endocrinologist identifies, treats, and prevents diseases related to the dysfunction of these glands.
When to See an Endocrinologist: Symptoms and Conditions
There are many symptoms indicating problems with this system. However, not all of them are obvious. If you notice one or more of the following signs, seek help from an endocrinologist:
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loss of productivity, fatigue, and weakness;
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weight fluctuations (both up and down);
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changes in appetite;
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sleep problems — insomnia, drowsiness, circadian rhythm disturbances;
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frequent headaches;
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menstrual cycle irregularities;
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changes in sexual function, such as decreased libido;
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skin problems — acne, dryness;
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changes in hair structure, excessive hair loss;
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appearance of red spots on the skin resembling moles;
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increased thirst;
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poorly healing wounds on the body;
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thermoregulation disorders — hot flashes, constant feeling of cold;
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persistently high temperature — around 37.3.
It is also advisable to consult a doctor if there are chronic diseases such as hypertension or cardiovascular pathologies.
An endocrinologist treats many pathologies that affect the hormonal background in one way or another.
This can be diabetes — a collective term for several chronic diseases based on reduced insulin production or decreased sensitivity of cells to it. It is insulin that allows glucose to enter the cells. If this coordinated process is disrupted, high concentrations of sugar are noted in the blood.
Diabetes is a systemic disease that affects the functioning of all organs and systems. With consistently high blood sugar levels, various complications develop, affecting the work of blood vessels, heart, and nerves.
Another common group of diseases is thyroid disorders. This can be hypothyroidism (insufficient function) and hyperthyroidism (excessive function). These pathologies cause numerous symptoms, which patients sometimes overlook, attributing fatigue and weight changes to lifestyle factors.
Endocrinology closely interacts with gynecology. For example, polycystic ovary syndrome leads to problems with the menstrual cycle and conception. Therefore, the endocrinologist plays an active role in treating infertility.
When Else Consultation is Needed
Some situations require a mandatory consultation with an endocrinologist, even if you have no obvious complaints. It is recommended to undergo examinations once a year, especially after the age of 30, even if there are no complaints and nothing bothers you.
All women planning pregnancy should visit a doctor. A follow-up visit is necessary during pregnancy to avoid potential complications. Women with previously diagnosed pathologies, as well as those diagnosed with gestational diabetes, are under constant medical supervision.
People with excess weight and hereditary diseases should also have regular check-ups. Additionally, those taking hormonal medications should regularly check their hormone levels.
After consultation, the doctor can create a plan for preventive examinations. For example, people aged 18 to 35-40 are recommended to see a specialist once a year — provided there are no complaints or diagnosed pathologies. After the age of 40-45, visits to the doctor should occur every six months.
Endocrinology is an important field of medicine that helps maintain health and quality of life. If you notice alarming symptoms or just want to ensure everything is fine, do not delay your visit to the endocrinologist.
